CREST-2 Trials (2025) Medical Management vs Revascularization for Asymptomatic Carotid StenosisTwo parallel, observer-blinded randomized clinical trials (Stenting + CEA) Objective:To determine whether adding carotid revascularization (stenting or endarterectomy) to intensive medical management provides additional benefit over medical therapy alone in … Read More
Cardiovascular Disease
ADAPT AF-DES: Therapy for AFib Patients with DES
ADAPT AF-DES Trial (2025) Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Drug-Eluting StentsMulticenter, randomized, open-label, noninferiority trial Objective:In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who previously underwent drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation, does NOAC monotherapy provide similar protection against ischemic and bleeding … Read More
VESALIUS-CV Trial: Evolocumab in Patients without MI or Stroke
VESALIUS-CV Trial (2025) Evolocumab in Patients without a Previous Myocardial Infarction or StrokeInternational, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial Objective:Among patients with atherosclerosis or diabetes but no prior MI or stroke, does long-term PCSK9 inhibition with evolocumab reduce the risk of first … Read More
CORE-TIMI: Olezarsen to prevent Pancreatitis
Olezarsen for Managing Severe Hypertriglyceridemia and Pancreatitis RiskTwo double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trials Objective:To evaluate whether olezarsen, an antisense oligonucleotide targeting apolipoprotein C-III mRNA, reduces triglyceride levels and pancreatitis risk in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia (TG ≥ 500 mg/dL). … Read More
ARREST Trial: Transfer to Cardiac Arrest Center after Out-of-Hospital CA
The ARREST Trial (2023) was a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled study that assessed whether expedited transfer of resuscitated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients without ST-elevation to a cardiac arrest center (CAC) improved outcomes compared with transfer to the nearest emergency … Read More
AQUATIC Trial: Aspirin + OAC in CAD
The AQUATIC trial (2025) was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study that evaluated the effect of adding aspirin to long-term oral anticoagulation in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) at high atherothrombotic risk. A total of 872 patients on oral anticoagulation … Read More
Essence-TIMI 73b: Olezarsen Significantly Reduces Triglycerides in High-Risk Patients
Hypertriglyceridemia remains a major challenge in cardiovascular care, linked with increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and pancreatitis. While lifestyle modifications and current lipid-lowering therapies can help, many patients still require additional treatment options. The Essence-TIMI 73b trial, published … Read More
VICTORION-Mono Trial: Inclisiran for Primary Prevention
Inclisiran in the Spotlight: The VICTORION-Mono Trial Shakes Up Primary Prevention Breaking New Ground in LDL-C Management A landmark study, VICTORION‑Mono (V‑Mono), reveals that inclisiran—a twice-yearly, small interfering RNA (siRNA) designed to inhibit PCSK9—is significantly more effective than both placebo … Read More
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ECG Criteria Infographic
LVH Criteria on ECG 🧠 Remember: ECG has low sensitivity but high specificity for LVH. ✅ Sokolow-Lyon Criteria ✅ Cornell Criteria ✅ Romhilt-Estes Point Score System ⚡ LVH-Associated ST-T Changes (Strain Pattern)
Right Heart Catheterization: A Quick Interpretation Guide
Right Heart Catheterization (RHC) is a critical tool for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular and pulmonary conditions. This invasive hemodynamic assessment provides real-time insight into the function and pressures of the right heart, pulmonary arteries, and left heart indirectly via … Read More