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ELAN Trial: Early vs. Later Initiation of DOAC in Acute Ischemic Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation

ELAN Trial Summary Introduction:The ELAN trial aimed to investigate the optimal timing of initiating direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in individuals with atrial fibrillation (AF) who had experienced an acute ischemic stroke. The study compared early anticoagulation (initiated within 48 hours or on day 6-7 after stroke) with later anticoagulation (initiated on day 3-4, day 6-7, […]

DIGAMI 2 Trial: Insulin-Based Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Following MI

DIGAMI 2 Trial Summary Introduction:The DIGAMI 2 trial aimed to evaluate the effect of insulin-based glucose control in type 2 diabetic patients following myocardial infarction compared to conventional management at similar levels of glucose control. The study investigated three treatment strategies: group 1 received acute insulin-glucose infusion followed by insulin-based long-term glucose control, group 2 […]

KEYNOTE 671 Trial: Perioperative Pembrolizumab in Early-Stage NSCLC

KEYNOTE 671 Trial Summary Introduction:The KEYNOTE 671 trial aimed to investigate the efficacy of perioperative pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, in patients with resectable early-stage non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial assessed the benefits of neoadjuvant and adjuvant pembrolizumab in combination with chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone. Methods:The trial enrolled participants […]

ELEKT-D Trial: Ketamine vs. ECT for Treatment-Resistant Major Depression

ELEKT-D Trial: Ketamine vs. ECT for Treatment-Resistant Major Depression Introduction:The groundbreaking ELEKT-D Trial sought to compare the efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and subanesthetic intravenous ketamine for the treatment of patients with treatment-resistant major depression. This study aimed to determine whether ketamine was noninferior to ECT in producing a treatment response and explored secondary outcomes […]

Vitamin D to Prevent Cancer and CVD: VITAL Trial

VITAL Trial Vitamin D Summary The VITAL trial aimed to investigate whether supplementation with vitamin D reduces the risk of cancer or cardiovascular disease. It was a nationwide, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted with a two-by-two factorial design, including vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) at a dose of 2000 IU per day and marine n−3 (omega-3) fatty acids […]

VITAMINS Trial Summary: Vit. C in Septic Shock

VITAMINS Trial Summary The VITAMINS trial aimed to determine whether the combination of vitamin C, hydrocortisone, and thiamine is more effective than hydrocortisone alone in expediting the resolution of septic shock. The trial included 216 patients with septic shock and compared the duration of time alive and free of vasopressor administration over 7 days between […]

VOYAGER PAD Trial: Rivaroxaban in PAD after Revascularization

VOYAGER PAD Trial Summary The VOYAGER PAD trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban, a factor Xa inhibitor, in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) who had undergone lower-extremity revascularization. Patients with PAD who have undergone revascularization are at a high risk of major adverse limb and cardiovascular events, but the role […]